7 February 2023

Paris, France

Akụkọ banyere oke ala ọmajiji nke dara Türkiye na Syria na-ewute anyị nke ukwuu. Anyị na-ezigara ndị ha hụrụ n'anya nwụnahụrụ, ndị merụrụ ahụ, na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị anyị nwere ike ịkwụsị ọrụ ha n'oge ọdachi ahụ gasịrị. ISC dị njikere inye aka site n'ịkpọkọta ndị otu mba ụwa iji gosipụta nkwado maka mahadum ma ọ bụ oghere mmụta na nyocha nke nwere ike metuta.

Sir Peter Gluckman, Onye isi ala, International Science Council

Dr Salvatore Aricò, CEO, International Science Council

Na nnọchite nke Kọmitii Na-achị Isi

Okwu nkwado ndị ọzọ

Ọnụ ego nke Japan ICOE

International Center of Excellence for IRDR (Integrated Research on Disaster Risk)

Ịga n'ihu Ịgụ:

Ihe onyonyo ala ọma jijiji na-egosi na ụlọ ndị Turkey na-ada ka pancakes. Otu ọkachamara kọwara ihe kpatara ya

Otu ụzọ nnukwu ala ọma jijiji adaala na Turkey, pụọ ihe karịrị mmadụ 3,000 nwụrụ na ọnụọgụ ndị amaghi ama merụrụ ahụ ma ọ bụ chụpụ ya.

Ala ọmajiji nke mbụ, na nso Gaziantep nke dị nso na ókè-ala Siria. tụrụ 7.8 n'ogo ma nwee mmetụta dị anya dị ka UK. Nke abụọ mere ka awa itoolu gachara, na ihe yiri ka ọ bụ mmejọ na-ejikọta ọnụ, na-edebanye aha ihe ruru 7.5.

Na-agbakwunye na mbibi ahụ, ihe dị ka ụlọ 3,450 dara, dị ka ọchịchị Turkey si kwuo. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ dara na "ụdị pancake” nke structural ọdịda.

Gịnị mere nke a ji mee? Ọ̀ bụ nnọọ otú ala ọma jijiji ahụ siruru n’ike, ka ọ̀ bụ nsogbu ụlọ ndị ahụ?

Ọtụtụ puku afọ nke ala ọma jijiji

Ala ọma jijiji na-abụkarị na Turkey, nke na-anọdụ ala na mpaghara seismically na-arụsi ọrụ ike ebe efere tectonic atọ na-egweri ibe ha mgbe niile n'okpuru elu ụwa. Ihe ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ala ọma jijiji na mpaghara na-alaghachi azụ dịkarịa ala afọ 2,000, ka ala ọma jijiji mere na 17 OA nke mere obodo iri na abuo.

Mpaghara Fault Anatolian East nke kwadoro ala ọma jijiji ndị a dị na oke n'etiti efere tectonic Arabian na Anatolian, nke na-agafe ibe ya na ihe dịka 6 ruo 10 mm kwa afọ. A na-ewepụta eriri na-agbanwe agbanwe nke na-agbakọta na mpaghara oke ala efere a site na ala ọma jijiji na-adịte aka, bụ nke merela kemgbe ọtụtụ nde afọ. N'ihi ya, ala ọma jijiji ndị na-adịbeghị anya abụghị ihe ijuanya.

N'agbanyeghị ihe egwu seismic a amaara nke ọma, mpaghara ahụ nwere ọtụtụ akụrụngwa adịghị ike.

N'ime afọ 2,000 gara aga, anyị amụtala ọtụtụ ihe banyere ya ka esi arụ ụlọ nke nwere ike iguzogide ịma jijiji site na ọbụna ala ọma jijiji siri ike. Otú ọ dị, n'eziokwu, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-emetụta usoro ihe owuwu ụlọ na mpaghara a na ndị ọzọ n'ụwa nile.

Ihe owuwu na-adịghị mma bụ nsogbu a maara

Ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ndị ahụ dara ada yiri ka esitere na kọmnta wuo na-enweghị nkwado seismic zuru oke. Koodu ụlọ seismic na mpaghara a na-atụ aro Ụlọ ndị a kwesịrị inwe ike ịkwagide ala ọma jijiji siri ike (ebe ala na-eme ngwa ngwa site na 30% ruo 40% nke ike ndọda nkịtị) na-ebuteghị ụdị ọdịda a zuru oke.

Ala ọmajiji nke 7.8 na 7.5 yiri ka ọ kpatara ịma jijiji n'ihe dị ka 20 ruo 50% nke ike ndọda. Otu akụkụ nke ụlọ ndị a dara n'ịma jijiji dị ala karịa "koodu imewe".

Enwere nsogbu ndị a maara nke ọma na Turkey na n'ebe ndị ọzọ site n'ịhụ na owuwu ụlọ dị mma na nrube isi na koodu ụlọ seismic. A hụla ụlọ ndị yiri nke ahụ dara n'ime ya ala ọma jijiji gara aga na Turkey.

N’afọ 1999, otu nnukwu ala ọma jijiji dị nso na Izmit hụrụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 17,000 nwụrụ na ihe karịrị Ụlọ 20,000 ida.

Mgbe ala ọma jijiji mere na 2011 nke ọtụtụ narị mmadụ nwụrụ, praịm minista Turkey mgbe ahụ, Recep Tayyip Erdogan,. ata ụta Ihe owuwu dị egwu maka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị nwụrụ, na-ekwu, sị: "Ndị obodo, ndị na-ewu ụlọ na ndị nlekọta kwesịrị ịhụ ugbu a na nleghara anya ha bụ igbu ọchụ."

Nweghari

Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ọchịchị Turkey maara na ọtụtụ ụlọ adịghị mma na ala ọma jijiji, ọ ka bụ nsogbu siri ike idozi. Ewuolarị ọtụtụ ụlọ ndị ahụ, nrụgharị seismic nwere ike ịdị ọnụ ma ọ bụ na a naghị ele ya anya dị ka ihe kacha mkpa ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ịma aka mmekọrịta ọha na eze ndị ọzọ.

Otú ọ dị, mwughachi mgbe ala ọma jijiji ahụ gasịrị nwere ike inye ohere iji wughachi ihe n'enweghị nsogbu. Na 2019, Turkey nakweere iwu ọhụrụ iji hụ na a kwadoro ụlọ nke ọma maka ịma jijiji.

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-anabata iwu ọhụrụ a, a ka ga-ahụ ma ha ga-eduga n'ezi nkwalite n'ịdị mma ụlọ.

Na mgbakwunye na nnukwu mfu nke ndụ na mmebi akụrụngwa, ala ọma jijiji abụọ ahụ nwere ike ịkpata ọtụtụ mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka elu ala gbawara agbawa, ala mmiri mmiri, na mbuze. Mmetụta ndị a nwere ike ime ka ọtụtụ ebe ghara ịdị mma iji wuo ya - ya mere mbọ nwughari kwesịkwara ịgụnye na-eme atụmatụ mkpebi banyere ihe a ga-ewu ebe, iji belata ihe ize ndụ n'ọdịnihu.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ala ọma jijiji na-aga n'ihu na-ama jijiji na mpaghara ahụ, ọrụ nyocha na nnapụta na-aga n'ihu. Ozugbo uzuzu ahụ dakwasịrị, nwughari ga-amalite - mana anyị ga-ahụ ụlọ ndị siri ike karị, nwee ike iguzogide ala ọma jijiji ọzọ, ma ọ bụ karịa?

Mark Quigley, Osote Prọfesọ nke Sayensị Ala Ọma Jijiji, Mahadum Melbourne

E degharịrị isiokwu a site The ihe n'okpuru ikike ikike Creative Commons. Gụọ ya edemede mbụ.

Foto: Mustafa Karali / AP na Mkparịta ụka ahụ

Ozi ISC dị mkpa:

ISC na-aga n'ihu na UNDRR na ndị mmekọ anyị na-arụkọ ọrụ iji kwalite Sendai Framework Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 dị ka otu n'ime isi ihe dị mkpa n'okpuru ISC Action Plan.

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